Isoko rya kontineri yo mu nyanja ihura nikibazo gishya cyo gutanga isoko?

Ibitangazamakuru bimwe byagaragaje ko amakimbirane hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine yabangamiye cyane ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja y’Umukara kandi byagize uruhare runini mu bwikorezi mpuzamahanga ndetse no ku isoko mpuzamahanga.Byagereranijwe ko amato amagana aracyafatiwe mu nyanja biturutse ku makimbirane.Amakimbirane yakajije umurego mu bikorwa byo gutwara abantu ku isi, abasare bagera ku 60.000 bo mu Burusiya na Ukraine bafatiwe ku byambu no mu nyanja kubera amakimbirane.Ababishinzwe bavuze ko abakozi b’abakozi ba Ukraine bibanda cyane cyane mu bikamyo bya peteroli n’amato y’imiti, cyane cyane bakorera ba nyir'ubwato bw’i Burayi, kandi bafite imyanya yo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka capitaine na komiseri, hamwe n’abasimbura buke, ibyo bikaba byaragoye cyane ba nyir'ubwato kubona abasimbura. .

 

Abantu bo mu nganda bagaragaje ko abakozi bo muri Ukraine n'Uburusiya bangana na 17% by'abakozi miliyoni 1.9 ku isi,kandi kuri ubu hari byibuze abasare 60.000 000 bo mu Burusiya na Ukraine bafatiwe mu nyanja cyangwa ku byambu, nta gushidikanya ko cyari igitutu gikomeye ku isoko ry’ubwikorezi.

 

Bamwe mu bakinnyi bo mu isoko ry’imbere mu Bushinwa banasesenguye ko abakozi nyamukuru ba Maersk na Hapag Lloyd bakomoka mu Burusiya na Ukraine, mu gihe abakozi ba serivisi n’abakozi bashinzwe umutekano muri Ukraine bazashakishwa kandi ko badashobora kwinjira mu isoko ry’ubwikorezi mu gihe gito.Abakozi bagufi bazamura ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja?Imyanya y'abakozi ba Ukraine n'Uburusiya iragoye gusimburwa.Bamwe mu bakinnyi b'isoko batekereje ko ingaruka zabaye kimwe na COVID-19 yibasiye inganda zitwara abantu, kubera ko abasare benshi bo muri Ukraine n'Uburusiya bafite imyanya ikomeye nka capitaine, komiseri, injeniyeri mukuru, n'ibindi, bizaba bikomeye guhangayikishwa n'abakozi.Bamwe mu bari imbere bashimangiye ko icyorezo hamwe n’umubyigano w’icyambu unyura mu nzira z’Amerika, byongereye ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu mu nyanja. Ibura ry'abakozi kubera intambara hagati y'Uburusiya na Ukraine rishobora guhinduka indi mpinduka idashoboka.

 

Amabwiriza amwe yarahagaritswe.Ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya bijya mu Burayi no muri Amerika byagarutse.Isoko rya kontineri yo mu nyanja "izakomeza bisanzwe"?

Abahanga bamwe bagaragaje ko ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya bijya i Burayi / Amerika byagaragaje ibimenyetso byo kugabanuka vuba aha.Intambara yo mu Burusiya na Ukraine yagabanije itangwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo kandi igabanya ubukene.Isoko ryo mu nyanja rishobora gusubukura bisanzwe mbere.

 

Nk’uko byatangajwe na bimwe mu bitangazamakuru byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ibicuruzwa byo muri Aziya bifite agaciro gake na cube nyinshi cyane byahagaritswe.Kuva icyorezo cyaduka, ibiciro byo kohereza ibicuruzwa byikubye inshuro 8-10, kandi ntibyari bikiri byiza kugurisha ibicuruzwa nk'ibyo.Ushinzwe ubuhinzi bw’imboga i Londres yatangaje ko iyi sosiyete idashobora kwimura umuvuduko w’izamuka ry’ibiciro 30% ku bicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa maze ifata icyemezo cyo guhagarika ibicuruzwa.

 

 

Inzira y'Uburayi

Ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya bijya mu Burayi bw'Amajyaruguru byatangiye kugabanuka, bikomeza kuba byinshi mu biruhuko by'Umwaka mushya ariko byoroheje vuba aha.Dukurikije icyerekezo cya Freightos Baltique, ibicuruzwa bya 40GP (FEU) byagabanutseho 4.5% bigera ku $ 13585 mu cyumweru gishize.Ikwirakwizwa ry'ibyorezo ryakomeje kuba bibi mu Burayi, kandi indwara nshya za buri munsi zakomeje kuba nyinshi.Hamwe n’ingaruka za geopolitiki, kuzamuka kwubukungu mu gihe kizaza bishobora kuba bifite imyumvire mibi.Gusaba ibikenerwa bya buri munsi nibikoresho byubuvuzi byakomeje kuba byinshi.Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha imyanya kuva ku cyambu cya Shanghai kugera ku byambu by’ibanze by’Uburayi byari bikiri hafi 100%, ni ko byagenze no mu nzira ya Mediterane.

Inzira ya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru

Indwara nshya ya buri munsi y’icyorezo cya COVID-19 yagumye hejuru muri Amerika.Ifaranga ryakomeje kwiyongera muri Amerika mugihe ibiciro byibicuruzwa byazamutse vuba aha.Iterambere ry'ubukungu rishobora kuba kubura politiki idahwitse.Ubwikorezi bwo gutwara abantu bwakomeje kuba bwiza, hamwe nibisabwa bihoraho.Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha imyanya muri serivisi ya W / C muri Amerika na E / C Amerika Serivisi yari ikiri hafi 100% ku cyambu cya Shanghai.

 

Ibicuruzwa bimwe biva muri Aziya bijya muri Amerika ya ruguru nabyo byerekeje mu majyepfo.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse muri S&P Platts, ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya y'Amajyaruguru bijya muri Amerika y'Iburasirazuba byari ku madolari 11,000 / FEU naho muri Aziya y'Amajyaruguru kugera ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba bwa Amerika byari $ 9.300 / FEU.Bamwe mubohereza ibicuruzwa baracyatanga $ 15,000 / FEU munsi yuburengerazuba bwa Amerika, ariko ibicuruzwa byagabanutse.Gutumiza amato amwe yo mu Bushinwa yahagurutse byahagaritswe kandi umwanya wo kohereza wiyongereye cyane.

 

Icyakora, hashingiwe ku cyerekezo cya Balitiki ya Freightos, kuzamuka kw'imizigo kuva muri Aziya kugera muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru byakomeje.Kurugero, nkuko FBX ibivuga, ibicuruzwa biva muri Aziya bijya muri Amerika y’iburengerazuba bwa Amerika, buri kontineri 40ft, byazamutseho 4% ku kwezi bigera ku madolari 16.353 mu cyumweru gishize, naho muri Amerika y’Iburasirazuba byiyongereyeho 8% muri Werurwe, aribyo imizigo ya buri kontineri 40ft kuri $ 18.432.

 

Ubucucike muri Amerika y'Iburengerazuba bwateye imbere?Kera cyane kubivuga.

Ubwinshi bw'ibyambu muri Amerika y'Iburengerazuba bwerekanye ibimenyetso byo koroshya.Umubare wubwato butegereje guhagarara bwikubye kabiri kuva muri Mutarama hejuru kandi gutunganya ibikoresho nabyo byihuta.Icyakora, abari imbere baburiye ko bishobora kuba ibintu by'agateganyo gusa.

 

Alan McCorkle, Umuyobozi mukuru wa Yusen Terminal, n'abandi bavuze ko vuba aha, imiyoboro ya kontineri yajyanywe mu buryo bwihuse kandi bwihuse kugera mu birindiro by'imbere mu gihugu, bitewe ahanini n'ihagarikwa ry'uruganda ndetse no gutumiza mu mahanga muri Aziya mu mwaka mushya w'ukwezi.Byongeye kandi, igabanuka rikabije ry’umubare w’abakozi badahari ku cyambu cyanduye icyorezo nacyo cyafashije kwihutisha ibikoresho.

 

Ubucucike ku byambu byo mu majyepfo ya Californiya bwaratejwe imbere cyane.Umubare w'amato ategereje guhagarara wagabanutse uva kuri 109 muri Mutarama ugera kuri 48 ku ya 6 Werurwe, ukaba ari muto cyane kuva muri Nzeri umwaka ushize.Mbere y’icyorezo cy’icyorezo, amato make cyane yari gutegereza guhagarara.Muri icyo gihe, ingano yatumijwe mu mahanga nayo yagabanutse muri Amerika.Imizigo yinjira mu byambu bya Los Angeles na Long Beach yagabanutse kugeza ku mezi 18 mu Kuboza 2021 kandi yiyongeraho 1.8% gusa muri Mutarama 2022. Igihe cyo gutegereza kontineri nacyo cyagabanutse kuva mu bihe byashize.

 

Ariko, imiterere yigihe kizaza irashobora kuguma ikaze kuko ubwinshi bwo kohereza bushobora gukomeza kwiyongera mumezi akurikira.Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Sea-Intelligence kibitangaza, impuzandengo y'ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga buri cyumweru byo muri Amerika y'Uburengerazuba bizaba hejuru ya 20% ugereranije n'icyo gihe cyashize umwaka ushize mu mezi 3 ari imbere.Alan Murphy, Umuyobozi mukuru w’inyanja-Intelligence, yavuze ko bitarenze Mata, umubare w’amato yuzuye ku byambu ashobora gusubira ku 100-105.